Kunyangwe yave ichionekwa nekufungirwa kwemakore, uchitaura wega zvinonzwika pachayo haisi chiratidzo chokusagadzikana. Mabhuku esainzi achangoburwa anoratidza kuti tsika iyi inogona kubatsira inoyerwa yekuziva mabhenefiti, zvakadai setarisiro iri nani kana kuti ndangariro inobudirira, chero bedzi isingaperekedzwi nezviratidzo zvenyevero.
Mabasa akati wandei mucognitive psychology anoratidza izvozvo kutaura zvatinofunga inobatsira uropi kutarisa pabasa uye kuronga ruzivo. Zvidzidzo zvakaburitswa nevatsvakurudzi vakadai saGary Lupyan weUniversity of Wisconsin zvinoratidza kuti kupa mazita zvatinoona zvinonzwika. inomhanyisa kutsvaga kwechinhu nekuzivikanwa mukuedzwa kwekuona.
Zvinotaurwa nesainzi nezvekutaura pfungwa
Kana tichitaura mazwi pamusoro pezvatiri kuita, tinogadzira gwara rinonzwika rinosimbisa kutarisisa uye kushanda ndangariro. Mukuongororwa kwema laboratori, avo vano nyora zvinonzwika zvinokurudzira zvavanoona zvinowanzozviisa pamberi peavo vanoramba vakanyarara, mugumisiro unotsanangurwa nokuti mutauro inomutsa zviratidzo zvinoonekwa izvo zvinofambisa kuzivikanwa.
Chiitiko ichi, chinotsanangurwa nenyanzvi dzakaita saLupyan mubvunzurudzo nezvinyorwa, zvinopindirana nepfungwa yekuti kutaura kwekuzvitungamira inzira ye cognitive self-regulation: Hazvisi zvisina musoro, asi zano rekusefa kunze zvinokanganisa, kuisa zvinokosheswa, uye kuchengetedza kutarisa kune zvakakosha.
Hudiki semucherechedzo wekutaura wega
Muvana zvinonyatsooneka: kutaudzana zvine mutsindo pakutamba kana kudzidza Icho chikamu chekukura kwemaitiro. Iyi yekuzvitaura inotungamira zviito, inoraira kutevedzana uye inofambisa kudzora mota, kuti inovandudza kushanda kwebasa uye inotsigira kuwaniswa kwehunyanzvi.
Kubva kukiriniki yekudzidzira, ma psychotherapist akadai saAnne Wilson anosimbisa kuti nhaurirano iwe pachako inogona kuve yakakosha sosi: mukushaikwa kweanopindirana wekunze, shandura kuva mazwi Zvatinonzwa uye zvatinofunga zvinotibatsira kugadzirisa manzwiro, kujekesa kusahadzika uye kuita sarudzo dzakadzikama.
Pamwe chete nemitsetse yakafanana, manzwi akadai seaya enyanzvi dzepfungwa Patricia Rosillo akasimbisa kuti uku hunhu hwakanaka Kana isingabatanidzwe nechirwere chegomarara: kutaura zvinonzwika kunogona kuderedza kusawirirana, kuronga mazano uye kukurudzira kudzidza, chero pasina. kunetseka concomitant zviratidzo.
Benefits yekuzvitaura zvinonzwika
Zvinonyanya kudzokororwa zvakanaka mutsvakurudzo zvinosanganisira ndangariro dzakasimbiswa, kufunga kwakarongeka uye kugona kukuru mukugadzirisa matambudziko nekukwanisa "kuteerera" kune dzimwe nzira uye kunyatsoongorora sarudzo.
- Kusimbisa Memory: Kudzokorora ruzivo nenzwi guru kunofambisa encoding uye kudzoreredza.
- Kuronga kwakajeka: Mutauro unoshanda se scaffolding ye nhanho nhanho uye zvinokosha.
- Kugadzirisa dambudziko: Kusahadzika kwekunze kunobvumira kuenzanisa kwakawanda kwemhinduro.
- Emotional kugara zvakanaka: kuzvitaura zvinogona kuderedza kushushikana uye kufunganya pakugadzirisa manzwiro.
- Kuzvivimba nekuzvidzora: Kuteerera kuhurongwa hwako hwekuita kunosimbisa kuzvidzora.
Imwe yeanowanzo kutaurwa tsvagiridzo ndeyaGary Lupyan naDaniel Swingley, yakaburitswa muThe Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, inoona izvozvo. kutaura kwekuzvitungamira kunonatsiridza mashandiro mumabasa ekutsvaga kwekuona, achitsigira thesis inotungamirira maonero emutauro.
Apo chingava chiratidzo chokunyevera
Sezvakaita chero tsika, mamiriro ezvinhu anokosha. Kana kutaura zvinonzwika kunoonekwa parutivi manzwiro ekunzwa, kusarongeka kwakanyanya kwekufunga kana kukanganisa kushanda, kunogona kuva chikamu chemamiriro epfungwa. Nyanzvi dzakadai saDr. Sánchez Miñano dzakaratidza kuti muzviitiko izvi kutaura kwega kungave mhinduro kune. manzwi anonzwisiswa uye inoda kuongororwa kwekliniki.
Zvinokurudzirwa kukumbira rubatsiro rwehunyanzvi kana kuzvitaura kuchiperekedzwa nezviratidzo zvakaita se kusagadzikana kwakanyanya kana kuramba vachipindira muupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Mamwe mireza matsvuku anosanganisira fungidziro yenhema, yakamisikidzwa kubviswa kusingadiwi, kuerekana kushanduka kwemaitiro uye kurasikirwa kwekubatana nechokwadi.
Kudzidzira nenzira ine hutano
Kana ukasarudza kushandisa kuzvitaura sechombo, edza kuzviita kongiri, ushamwari uye chiito-yakatarisanaSemuenzaniso, tsanangura danho rinotevera, zvipe zviyeuchidzo zvemashoko zvipfupi, uye dzivisa kubatwa muzvishwe zvekuzvishora.
- Shandisa mitsara mipfupi kutungamira mabasa: "kutanga izvi, zvino izvo."
- Shandisa inzwi risina kwarakarerekera kana rinotsigira, risina kunyomba kana mazita epasi rose.
- Shandura kunetseka kuita nhanho: "Chii chandingaite izvozvi?"
- Isa parutivi nguva nenzvimbo dzaunonzwa wakasununguka kudzidzira.
- Kana ukaona kuti kushushikana kunowedzera kana kukuvhara, mira ufeme asati aenderera mberi.
Kure nekuve kushoma, taura zvinonzwika Inogona kushanda se "scaffolding" yepfungwa inovandudza kutarisa, ndangariro, uye kujeka kwepfungwa; uye, sekuyambira kunoita psychology, inongoonekwa seine dambudziko kana yakabatana nezvimwe zvakakosha zviratidzo kana zvakanyanya kukanganisa hupenyu hwezuva nezuva.
