La mishonga yenyukireya Icho chinhu chakakosha chemushonga uyo unobata kunyanya uye kunyanya nekuongororwa kwevarwere. Inopa ruzivo rwakakosha uye runoshanda, pamwe nekurapwa kwakaringana kwezvirwere zvakasiyana. Iyo inoshandisa radioisotopes kana radioactive isotopes, ndiko kuti, nyukireya mwaranzi uye mamwe maitiro e biophysical kuitira kuti kuongororwa kwacho kuve kwakanyanya kurongeka.
Mishonga yenyukireya inoshanda kuona chero chakaipa mukati memuviri, ma radioactive isotopu ari mukutarisira kudzora muviri kuburikidza nenzira dzakasiyana uye nekudaro kuona chero hutachiona. Aya ma isotopu anogona kugadzikana, ndiko kuti, haabudise radiation kana zvimwe zvinhu zvine radioactive.
Iwo maranzi anoburitswa anogona kunge ari ehunhu hwakasiyana.
- Gamma mwaranzindiko kuti, magetsi emagetsi.
- Emissions yeAlpha kana beta zvidimbu.
Iyo radiation inogadzirwa nevanhu uye inouya kubva mukudzora kwenyukireya kuitika kunoitika mumagetsi enyukireya kana cyclotrons. Inogona kuwanikwa mumhando mbiri dzemakemikari:
- Zvirongwa zvakapusa
- Akaoma mamorekuru zvimiro, inozivikanwa se radiopharmaceuticals.
Chii icho uye ndechei
Sezvo isu takapindura mishonga yenyukireya ibazi rekufungidzira kwekurapa iro rinoshandisa zvidiki zvezvinhu zvine mwenje Kuti usvike pakuziva uye kuona kukomba kwechirwere chiri kutaurwa, chinosanganisira zvirwere zvakawanda izvo zvinokwanisa kuona: mhando dzekenza, chirwere chemwoyo, hosha yemudumbu, tsinga uye zvimwe zvisina kujairika.
Rudzi urwu rwemushonga inokwanisa kuona ese mamorekuru zviitiko mukati memuviri, ipa mukana wekuziva chirwere mumatanho ekutanga ezvisikwa.
Mashandiro anoita Nyukireya Mushonga
Mishonga yenyukireya inoshandisa mufananidzo mumiririri uyo kana uchinge uri mukati memuviri unokwanisa kuburitsa chiratidzo, chiratidzo ichocho chinoonekwa nemuchina wekuona mufananidzo unokwanisa kuukudziridza uye nekunzwisisa zviri kuitika mumuviri iwoyo. Iwo mafungidziro ekufungidzira anoungana mune yakasarudzika nhengo, inosunga kune mamwe maseru, inobvumira iyo visualization uye kuyerwa kweiyo biological maitiro uye zvakare yesero chiitiko.
Mukurapa kwenyukireya, iyo yekufananidzira inhengo yemolekyuli iyo inosanganisira chikamu chidiki kwazvo chema radioactive vamiririri uye ava ndivo vane basa rekuona uchishandisa gamma kamera kana PET kamera zviratidzo zvakagamuchirwa.
Zvishandiso zvemishonga yenyukireya
Vanachiremba vanoshandisa nzira iyi yemazuva ano yeanotevera maitiro:
- Moyo- Fungidzira kuyerera kweropa, tarisa moyo mashandiro, ona coronary artery chirwere uye degree recoronary stenosis. Uye zvakare, inokwanisa kuyera kukuvara mushure mekurwadziwa kwemoyo, kuongorora sarudzo kune varwere vari kupfuura kana angioplasty, pamwe nekuona kurambidzwa kwekurambwa uye kuongororwa mushure memakemikari.
- Mapapu: Iyi nzira inoitwa kuti uone matambudziko ekuyerera kweropa uye matambudziko ekufema, pamwe nekuona kurambidzwa kwekurambwa.
- Mapfupa: inoongorora mapfupa kutsemuka, hutachiona, kana arthritis. Inoongorora ma prostheses, mapundu emapfupa, uye inoratidza masayiti ebiopsy.
- Bongo- Yakanaka yekuongorora zvisina kujairika, kufenda, kurasikirwa ndangariro, uye kukanganiswa kweropa. Inogona kuona chirwere chaPasinson, mamota europi uye inobatsira nekuronga kwakanaka kwekuvhiya.
- Kenza: inowana lymph node isati yavhiyiwa mune varwere vane kenza yemazamu kana yeganda, pamwe nekuonekwa kwemavara machena. Kazhinji mapundu mupancreas kana supranerral gland.
- ItsvoMishonga yenyukireya inobatsira kuongorora kwazvino mashandiro uye zvinogona kuiswa, kuona urinary turakiti kuvharidzira, kuongorora hypertension ine chekuita neitsvo tsinga.
Kutenda nehunyanzvi uhu hutsva, vanachiremba, vesaenzi uye vezvehutano vakawana budiriro huru mu:
- Nzwisisa maitiro ezvirwere zvakasiyana.
- Kurumidza kutsvaga mishonga mitsva.
- Ivo vakavandudza iyo kusarudzwa kwehunyanzvi hwekurapa kune mumwe murwere maererano nezvavanoda.
- Ivo vanoongorora zvine mutsindo uye nemazvo mhinduro yemurwere kumarapirwo matsva.
- Vakawanikwa itsva nzira dzekuziva vanhu vari panjodzi yezvirwere zvimwe uye dzimwe nguva zvakakomba.
Mishonga yenyukireya, mhedzisiro
Maitiro enyukireya ekurapa haana kukanganisa, kunze kwekubayiwa majekiseni, asi kazhinji bvunzo dzekurapa hadzirwadzi uye dzinobatsira vese murwere uye murapi, nekuti nekuda kweiyi miedzo mitsva chiremba anogona kuongorora nekuongorora akanakisa mamiriro ekurapa. Aya scans anoshandisa radioactive zvinhu, zvinonzi radiosondes kana radiopharmaceuticals.
Kuwanikwa kwe X-ray yakachinja zvakanyanya nzira yekunzwisisa mushongasezvo zvakaita kuti zvive nyore kuti vanachiremba nemasayendisiti vaone zvaiitika mukati memuviri mupenyu. Kusiyana nezvimwe zvidzidzo zvakajairika zvekufungidzira, mushonga wenyukireya unokwanisa kuona kushanda kwemuviri uchiri mupenyu, uchipa rumwe ruzivo rwakawanda pane maseru uye mamorekuru.
Nekudaro, kushungurudza aya marudzi ekurapa uye kuongororwa kunogona kuve nemhedzisiro isingatarisirwe, isu tinokuudza pazasi ndedzipi njodzi dzaonekwa pano.
- Nekuda kweiyo dosi diki yeiyo radiotracer yakapihwa, zvinogona kudaro murwere anoratidzirwa kune yakaderera radiation iyo inogona kukuvadza. Nekudaro, yakaderera kwazvo zvekuti mabhenefiti emishonga yenyukireya akakurisa kana ichienzaniswa nezvinokanganisa zvaungatambura mune ramangwana.
- Parizvino, maitiro aya ave achishandiswa kwemakumi mashanu emakore apfuura nanhasi hapana mhedzisiro inokanganisa kubva mukuburitswa kwakadai kwakawanikwa.
- Njodzi dzinogona kuitika dzinogona kugara dzichiongororwa nachiremba wezve nyukireya murapi.
- Allergic reaction kune radiopharmaceuticals inogona kuitika asi zvinoitika zvisingaite uye zvinowanzo nyoro uye zviri nyore kurapa maitiro. Nekudaro, zvinokurudzirwa kuudza chiremba wako kuti ndeapi marwariro ako akasiyana kuti udzivise hosha huru.
- Iyo jekiseni inogona kukonzeresa kurwadziwa uye kutsvuka kunonyangarika nekukasira.
- Munyaya ye vakadzi vanofanira kutaurira chiremba wavo kana vaine pamuviri kana kuyamwisa.
Marapirwo anosanganisira mishonga yenyukireya
Mishonga yenyukireya inosanganisira akatiwandei ekurapa ayo aanogona kupa kune ese marudzi evarwere, isu tichaisa pfungwa pane akasiyana scintigraphy:
- Bone scintigraphy: izvi zvinobvumidza kudzidza hutachiona hweiyo musculoskeletal system. Iko kuongororwa kunoratidzwa mukuonekwa kwe metabolic, inoshungurudza, inotapukira kana ine tumorous bone shanduko.
- Lung scintigraphy: ine basa rekuziva kana paine chero chipingaidzo kana thrombus mumapulmonary arteri.
- Itsvo kuongorora: inobvumidza kuwana ruzivo rwe morphological pane ese itsvo silhouettes, zvinokwanisika kuziva nehukuru hwakanyanya chikamu chebasa rinoenderana neumwe neumwe wavo.
- Utachiona hwehutachiona- Ongorora uye uongorore maitiro ehutachiona gland. Iyo inoshandiswa kuona yakazara kana yakasarudzika ekuvhiya zvisaririra, pamwe ne ectopic thyroid tishu, thyroglossal cyst, kana maqhuqhu.
- Bone scan: iko kuongorora kwemasaga ayo anobvumidza kuona shanduko diki dzebasa vasati vaonekwa neX-ray.
- Isotope Ventriculography
- Uropi SPECT: Iyi bvunzo inoitwa kuyera kuyerera kweropa kwenzvimbo dzakasiyana dzehuropi, ichipa ruzivo rwekuti nhengo iyi inoshanda sei.
- Mwoyo SPECT: bvunzo inoitwa kuongorora kuyerera kweropa retsandanyama yemoyo (myocardium). Kana bvunzo ikaitwa pazororo, inogona kuona yakafa mhasuru nzvimbo (myocardial infarction). Kana kuongorora kwacho kukaitwa mushure mekusimudzira kwepanyama kana izvo zvinogadzirwa nemishonga, inogona kuona nzvimbo dzemhasuru dzinogamuchira ropa shoma (coronary ischemia).
- Isotopic Renogram- Iyi scan inoongorora mashandiro eiyo renal system kuti iwane ruzivo kubva kune yega yeitsvo.
- Positron emission tomography: Uyu muedzo unozivikanwa zvakare sePET (Positron Emission Tomography) uye chimiro chekusavhiringidza kufungidzira kwekufungidzira uko kunongedzera kukuru kune yavo yekurapa mukati me oncology, neurology uye cardiology.
Mishonga yenyukireya uye bone scan
Boni scan inobatsira kuona kenza yakura kana kupararira kuburikidza nemapfupa. Inobatsira kuongorora mashandiro ekenza yemapfupa ari kushanda.
Iyo inoshanda sei
Scintigraphy bvunzo yenyukireyaIzvi zvinoreva kuti chishoma kwazvo chinhu chine radioactive zvinhu, chinozivikanwawo sekuteedzera, chinoshandiswa panguva yekuita. Mucherechedzo unodhonzwa mutsinga uye tsinga inoigovana nemuviri wese. Kana muviri wakabata mucherechedzo wakawanda munzvimbo, zvinogona kunge zviri kuratidza kuti kenza iri kupi.
Nguva dzose muviri wese unotariswa nemaitiro ayaKana zvabuda zvichiratidza kukuvara kwemapfupa zvinogona kunge zviri zvecancer, uye panguva ino, zvinokurudzirwa kuti uenderere mberi nekumwe kuyedza kuitira kuti ikwanise kuongororwa nekukurumidza.
Dhipatimendi re radiology kana mushonga wenyukireya kubva kuchipatara pamwe nekunze kwekufungidzira nzvimbo yekufungidzira ndivo vari kutarisira kuita iyi chaiyo miedzo.
Maitiro ekuongorora kwepfupa
Semutemo wenguva dzose, haudi gadziriro chaiyo usati waedzwa.a, hazvidiwe kuti uende pane isina chinhu mudumbu. Iwe unofanirwa kutaurira chiremba wako kuti ndeapi ma allergies aunazvo pamwe nemishonga yauri kutora panguva iyoyo.
Munguva yekuita iyo mucherechedzo ichajowa kupinda mumuviri kuburikidza netsinga iri muruoko. Iyo jekiseni inogona kunge isinganzwisisike, asi hauzonzwa chinomaka ichifamba nemuviri wako. Iyo kamera inofamba ichitenderedza muviri uye ichatora mifananidzo yechiratidzo chiri mumapfupa.
Zvinotora pakati peawa neawa mana kuti mapfupa anyatso kuipinza. Kana chirongwa ichi chapera, zviri nyore kunwa mvura yakawanda kuti ubvise iyo yakamaka iyo isina kubatwa nemuviri. Huwandu hweradioactivity huchave hushoma pane hweyakajairwa X-ray. Yese bvunzo inogona kutora ingangoita awa.
Mishonga yenyukireya uye utachiona
Utachiona scan inoshandisa radioactive iodine tracer kuongorora mamiriro uye mashandiro etachiona gland. Bvunzo iyi inoitwa nenzira yakapusa:
- Piritsi rine huwandu hushoma hweradioactive ayodini inopihwa.kana. Paunenge uchimedza, mirira iyi ayodini kuti iungane muhutachiona.
- Ongororo yekutanga inoitwa maawa mana kusvika matanhatu mushure mekutora piritsi. Mushure memaawa makumi maviri nemana imwe scan inoitwa.
- Iyo scanner inoona iyo nzvimbo uye kusimba kwemwaranzi dzinoburitswa ne radioactive zvinhu.
Nyukireya Mishonga Kuchengetedza
Maitiro enyukireya ekurapa anogona kutora nguva, radiosondes inogona kutora kubva kumaawa akati wandei kusvika kumazuva kuti iungane muchikamu chemuviri wekufarira. Kufungidzira kunogona kutora kusvika maawa akati wandei, kunyangwe mune dzimwe nguva michina mitsva iripo iyo inogona kudzikisira nguva yekuita.
Mishonga yenyukireya scans inonzwisisika kupfuura dzimwe nzira, senge magineti resonance imaging, semuenzaniso. Bvunzo dzinoshandisa nzira iyi kazhinji hadziwanikwe kana dzisiri kuburikidza neidzi, dzinongowanikwa chete nekutenda kumaredhiyo.
Mazuva ese maitiro enyukireya uye mamorekuru ekufungidzira maitiro anochinja hupenyu hwemurwereuye. Iwo akajeka matekiniki mune zvekurapa ayo anobatsira kuongorora mhando dzakasiyana dzekenza, kuona kwekutanga uye kutonga marapiro zvakazara.
Zvakanyorwa zvisirizvo, zvinotsanangurwa zvisirizvo, nezvisingaenderani, zvikanganiso nezvikanganiso zvinoita kuti ruzivo rwuve nekusahadzika
ndizvo zvandaitsvaga zvakakwana