Marozi anodyiwa abva pakushongedza kwakanaka kuenda kune chinhu: anopa ruvara uye kunhuhwirira, hongu, asiwo zvinovaka muviri uye bioactive makemikari ane hutano kugonaIzvo hazviwanzo kuwanikwa mukicheni yanhasi, uye vanhu vakawanda vari kunetseka kuti vangazvishandisa sei zvakachengeteka, zvipi zvavanazvo chaizvo, uye ndedzipi dziviriro dzinofanira kutorwa.
Chinokosha kuziva nzira yekusarudza, kubata uye kudya maruva akachengeteka kubva muzvirimwa zvakakodzera kudya, uye kunzwisisa kuti, kunyange zvazvo kune zvikomborero zvinonakidza, kwete marudzi ose kana zvikamu zvose zveruva zvinodyiwa, uye mamwe marudzi anogona kuva mucheturaMugwaro iri, tinotarisisa marozi, tichiaisa neumbowo nezvemaruva anodyika kuti iwe ugone kuabatanidza nehungwaru mukudya kwako.
Chii chinodyiwa roses uye nei ichinakidza?
Kana tichitaura nezvemaruva anodyiwa tinoreva petals emhando yerose uye cultivars akakodzera kushandiswa kwekudya, isina mishonga yezvipembenene uye inobatwa pasi pehutsanana. Haisi muitiro mutsva: Tsika dzekuMabvazuva nedzeMedithera dzave dzichidzishandisa kwemazana emakore kuravira ndiro, kugadzira mvura inonhuhwirira, jamu, kana kuperekedza nyama uye madhiri.
Kupfuura aesthetics, petals inopa mavitamini, zvicherwa, uye yakawanda ye phytochemicals yakadai se flavonoids, carotenoids, uye phenolic acids. Mukati memaruva anodyiwa, zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvine zvinovaka muviri zvisina kuenzana: pollen inopfuma mumapuroteni uye lipids, nekita inopa shuga uye amino acids, uye petals inomira pamusoro pehuwandu hwehuwandu hwevhithamini nemaminerari. mutoro wayo webioactive makemikari ane antioxidant basa.
Tsvagiridzo inoisa maruva anodyiwa sechikafu chinoshandaInenge 97% yezvipenyu zvinodyiwa zvinorondedzerwa zvinosanganiswa nemishonga yekurapa; vangangoita 32% vanoratidza immunomodulatory effects, 26% antimicrobial effects, uye 14% gastroprotective madhara. In in vitro zvidzidzo, begonias, nasturtiums, marigolds, uye roses zvakaratidza high antioxidant simba.
Anticancer mhedzisiro yakatoonekwa mu vitro mumaruva akadai hibiscus, rose, chrysanthemum, marigold, cosmos, bougainvillea, uye marigold kurwisa maseru mitsara yechiropa, colon, uropi, ganda, dundira, prostate, uye kenza yemazamu. Aya ndiwo mhedzisiro inovimbisa inotsigira kufarira kwezvekudya nesainzi mune izvi zvinongedzo, pasina kutsiva marapirwo ekurapa.
Nutritional profile uye bioactive makomisheni emaruva ane tarisiro pamaruva
Maruva anodyiwa, kusanganisira roses, Vanopa mavitamini A uye Criboflavin uye niacin, kuwedzera kune zvicherwa zvakadai secalcium, phosphorus, iron, uye potassium. Dzimwe mhando dzinogona kuvhara huwandu hwezuva nezuva hwemagesium, phosphorus, kana potasium kana ichiwanzoiswa mukudya.
Rose petals akapfuma mune polyphenols akadai flavonoids uye phenolic acids. (kusanganisira quercetin uye kaempferol, zvakanyanya se glycosides), iyo yakawanda yehutano hwavo hwe antioxidant hunonzi. Aya makomisheni anogona kubatsira mukugadzirisa kuzvimba, kudzivirira kubva mukukuvadzwa kweoxidative, uye kutsigira hutano hwemoyo.
Maruva anotarisa mamwe akakodzera phytochemicals zvakadai se carotenoids (lutein, beta-cryptoxanthin, zeaxanthin, beta-carotene, kana lycopene, zvichienderana nemhando), terpenoids, uye, zvishoma, alkaloids chaiyo. Kusanganiswa kwemapoka aya kunotsanangura mavara, kunhuhwirira, uye zvimwe zvezviitwa zvebhaibheri zvinoonekwa murabhoritari.
Mune zvikamu, kugoverwa kwezvokudya nemishonga hazvina kuenzanaPollen ine mapuroteni, amino acids, makabhohaidhiretsi, uye lipids; nekita inosanganisa shuga, amino acids, mapuroteni, lipids, uye alkaloids nenzira yakaenzana; petals nezvimwe zvimiro zvisina kubereka zvinopa mavhitamini, zvicherwa, uye polyphenols muhuwandu hunobatsira pakudya.
Roses zvakare anomira pachena kune avo akakosha mafuta, kunyanya Rosa damascena, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumvura, zvinonhuwira, uye pefiyumu. Iyo inonhuhwirira mbiri inouya kubva musanganiswa wakaomesesa wezvinoputika senge linalool, geraniol, uye mamwe terpenes, ayo anogona zvakare kupesvedzera kuravira maonero kana akashandiswa mukubika.
Rudzi, carotenoids uye anthocyanins: iyi ndiyo mapendi emaruva
Rudzi rwepetals harungori runako chete: rinotarisa zvinotarisirwa zvekuravira uye kudya.Mavara matsvuku anowanzo kumutsa kutapira, yellows citrus kana manotsi akavava, uye blues sugarier sensations. Mumaruva, iyo spectrum inouya zvakanyanya kubva kune-fat-soluble carotenoids uye mvura-soluble anthocyanins.
Carotenoids inoita antioxidant mabasa uye, mumuviri wemunhu, mamwe anotangira evhitamini A.Xanthophylls dzakadai se lutein, zeaxanthin, uye beta-cryptoxanthin tsvina kubva kune yero kusvika kune orenji; macarotene akadai se beta-carotene uye lycopene anowedzera maranjisi uye matsvuku zvichienderana nekuungana kwawo mumakumbo.
Anthocyanin inonyanya kukonzera tsvuku, yepepuru, uye yebhuruu hues mumarozi.Pigment dzakadai se pelargonidin, cyanidin, uye delphinidin dzinosiyana muruvara zvichienderana ne cellular pH, tembiricha, uye chiitiko chinonzi copigmentation, icho chinosanganisira kudyidzana neflavonoids, simbi, tannins, kana polysaccharides. Iyi chemistry inotsanangura kuti sei petal inogona kuoneka pink, tsvuku, kana violet pasina kuchinja mhando.
Mamwe maruva anoratidza iyi biochemical palette zvakanaka.Mu nasturtium, anthocyanins inotungamira (ine pelargonidin 3-sophoroside seyakawanda), mu tagetes, lutein inokosha, uye mu calendula, orange uye kunyange tsvuku carotenoids inounganidza. Muhibiscus, macalyce akapera mvura anonangana nedelphinidin-3-sambubioside uye cyanidin-3-sambubioside, makomisheni anokosheswa nekuda kweruvara uye antioxidant basa.
Kunze kwemavara, aya mamorekuru anopa zvingangobatsiraCarotenoids yakadai se lutein yakabatana nehutano hwemaziso uye kudzivirira kwezera-ane hukama hwemacular degeneration, nepo anthocyanins inoratidza antioxidant basa mumhando dzakawanda. Mune rose petals, kusanganiswa kweanthocyanins uye flavonols kunosimbisa izvi.
Kunhuhwirira uye kunhuhwirira: kubva kunhuhwirira kusvika kune ndiro
Kunhuhwirira kwemaruva kunoiswa mumafuta avo anokosha, musanganiswa wemakomboni anoshanduka kubva kumhuri dzakasiyana. Mhuka imwe neimwe ine siginicha inonhuhwirira inozivikanwa: muRosa damascena, maruva uye maprofiles anotonga; mune carnation, eugenol inopa inonhuhwirira noti; uye mu freesia, linalool rinotsanangura chimiro chayo.
Iko kutapira kunoonekwa mumaruva emaruva kunobatanidzwa, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, neiyo sucrose yemukati uye kuunganidza kwayo panguva yekuvhurwa kwemaruva.Sezvo senescence inofambira mberi, shanduko yeosmotic nekuda kwefructan hydrolysis inogona kuitika, ichichinja magadzirirwo uye kuvhurwa kwema petals, zvichikanganisawo ruzivo rwekunzwa mukubika.
Zvakachengeteka uye zvinonaka zvekubika zvinoshandiswa zvemaruva
Ichangobva kunhongwa rose petals ishandiso yakasiyana-siyana yezvinotapira uye zvinonaka.: Anoshandiswa mukugadzira confectionery (mapeta akaomeswa, jamu, sirasi), kuravira mupunga kana couscous, kana kunyange kuperekedza nyama nemasosi, setsika yechiArab neMedithera.
Mu saladhi vanopa kutsva uye kubata kwemaruva., uye zvinonyatsobatanidzwa nechizi nyoro, michero yecitrus, uye mabheri matsvuku. Iwe unogona zvakare kuaisa uye kushandisa iyo mvura muaizikirimu, sorbets, masirapu, kana cocktails, uchichenjerera nehuwandu kuti hwema husave hwakanyanya.
Mhando yemaruva anobatsira mukicheni yakakura uye inopa mazano ekubatanidza nemaruva.: nasturtium inowedzera zvinonhuwira kune masaradhi, calendula inoyeuchidza safoni uye inoshanda zvakanaka mumasobho kana mupunga ndiro, violet ndeyekuwedzera kukuru kune dhizeti, uye lavender inowedzera huku uye ice cream kana yakatorwa zvakanyatsonaka.
Zano rinoshanda rekubata zvisina njodziBvisa stamens nemapistils kunze kwekunge zvataurwa neimwe nzira, geza zvinyoronyoro, uye woomesa nepepa rinopinza. Dzivisa maruva ekushongedza uye gara uchisarudza zvigadzirwa zvakagadzirirwa kudyiwa nevanhu. Kana uine allergies, suma petals zvishoma nezvishoma uye tarisa kushivirira kwako.
Kuenzanisa kunobatsira: kungofanana nemabukira, ayo anoisa zvinovaka muviri uye ma enzymes uye anobatanidza zvakanaka mumasaladhi uye smoothies, Roses nemamwe maruva anodyiwa anopa mavara, ruvara uye phytochemicals mune zvishomaKubatanidza zvose mundiro imwe chete kunowedzera kukosha kwekudya uye kusiyana kwekunzwa.
Zvinogona Kubatsira Utano: Zvatinoziva
Humbowo hunonongedzera kune yakakurumbira antioxidant basa remaruva anodyiwa, zvakare mumarozi.Polyphenols inoderedza mahara radicals uye inogona kubatsira kuderedza oxidative kusagadzikana, maitiro akabatanidzwa mukuchembera kwemasero uye kukura kwezvirwere zvisingaperi.
Anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antifungal uye, mumaserura emhando, anticancer zviitiko zvakatsanangurwa. mumarudzi akasiyana. Hibiscus, rose, chrysanthemum, marigold, cosmos, bougainvillea, uye calendula maruva zvakaratidza zvinokonzerwa nechiropa, colon, uropi, ganda, bladder, prostate, uye kenza yemazamu. Izvi zvinoonekwa, kunyangwe zvekutanga, zvinosimbisa pfungwa yekusanganisira maruva sechikamu chekudya kwakasiyana.
Pamusoro pehutano hwehutano, maruva anogona kupa zvicherwa nemavhitaminzi anofarira.Somuenzaniso, maruva eSquash ane mavhitamini A uye C, riboflavin uye niacin, uyewo calcium, phosphorus, iron, uye potassium. Iyo yero petals, kazhinji, yakanaka sosi yevhitamini A.
Zvimwe zviitiko zvinoratidza betsero chaidzoTagetes yakapfuma mu lutein uye zeaxanthin, mishonga inobatanidza nehutano hwemaziso; mamwe maruva akacherechedzwa kuti abatsire kusangana ne magnesium, phosphorus, uye potassium zvinodiwa; kunyange hibiscus calyxes ine yakawanda yakawanda yesimbi. Mune rose, flavonols uye anthocyanins inowedzera antioxidant basa uye inogona kubatsira mukudzivirira kwevascular.
Mamwe maruva anofarira akakodzera kuzivaDandelion inopa zvicherwa uye B mavhitaminzi; calendula yagara ichishandiswa kune yayo anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, uye kuporesa mhedzisiro; lavender yakabatanidzwa kune zvigadzirwa zvekugaya; uye jasmine iri kutsvagirwa kune yayo antioxidant kugona uye inozorodza mhedzisiro. Zvese izvi pasina kurasikirwa nekuona kuti rose rinopa musanganiswa wakanyanya wekunhuhwirira, culinary versatility, uye bioactive makomisheni.
Njodzi, toxicity uye zvakakosha kudzivirira
Haasi maruva ose anodyiwa uye mamwe anogona kuva nengozi.Kune marudzi ane alkaloids, glycosides, resins, tannins, alcohols, phytotoxins, nitrites, photosensitizing zvinhu, uye calcium oxalates inogona kukonzera zvinhu zvose kubva pakusagadzikana kwekudya kusvika kune zviratidzo zvakakomba. Uyezve, kune mwaka kusiyanisa muhupfu hwezvimwe zvirimwa.
Muenzaniso unoshamisaRuva reGelsemium sempervirens, dzimwe nguva inonzi Carolina jasmine, haisi jasmine yechokwadi uye ine muchetura zvakanyanya. Nokudaro, zvakakosha kuziva mhando yacho zvakarurama, kutenga kubva kune zvinoremekedzwa, uye, kana kukohwa kumba, ita saizvozvo nemazano uye usingashandisi zvigadzirwa zvisingabvumirwi.
Basic precautionsDzivisa maruva ekushongedza kubva kune vanogadzira florists nekuda kwekugona kutakurwa kwemishonga yezvipembenene. Usaunganidze kubva mumigwagwa, mapaki, kana nzvimbo dzakasvibiswa. Bvisa stamens uye pistils kana usina chokwadi chekuchengeteka kwavo. Isai petals zvishoma nezvishoma kuti utarise kune allergies, kunyanya kana uine hanya nepollen.
Hutsanana kutangaGeza nemvura inotonhora, woomesa zvinyoro-nyoro, uye shandisa sezvitsva sezvinobvira. Bata nemaoko akachena uye nzvimbo. Kana iwe ukatenga zvigadzirwa zvepasuru, tsvaga zvigadzirwa zvine label inosimbisa kushandiswa kwechikafu. Rangarira kuti, munzvimbo zhinji, Hapana mishonga yezvipembenene yakatenderwa kumaruva anodyiwa., saka iyo yakanaka ndeye certified organic kugadzirwa kana kubatanidza maitiro akanaka.
Kuchengetedza uye mushure mekukohwa kunaka
Kupisa kunoita mutsauko muhupenyu hwemaruva: Kuideredza kunoderedza metabolism uye kunorebesa hutsva, kunyange zvazvo mamwe marudzi anonzwa kukuvadzwa kunopisa. Mumiyedzo, pasies nenasturtiums zvakapona tembiricha iri pakati pe0 ne2,5 madhigirii Celsius kweanosvika mavhiki maviri pasina kurasikirwa nemhando yekuona.
Kudzora dikita ndicho chinhu chikuru, nokuti nzvimbo yakakwirira inoenderana nehuwandu uye iyo yakaonda cuticle ye petals inokurudzira kupera mvura. Mune roses, 20% kurasikirwa uremu kunoonekwa kwakakosha kuchengetedza turgor uye chitarisiko. Yakaomarara, tireyi-kunge kurongedza kwemabriji kunobatsira kudzivirira uye kuderedza kurasikirwa kwemvura.
Ruvara ndiwo hunhu hunokosheswa zvakanyanya nemutengi, saka nzira dzekuchengetedza dzinofanira kukoshesa kugadzikana kwayo. Chiyero chekufema chine hukama nekuchembera: iyo yakakwirira mwero, iyo inokurumidza kuderera kwemhando. Kazhinji, firiji yakapfava, hunyoro hwakakwana, uye dziviriro kubva mukuvhunduka ndivo vabatsiri vako vakanyanya.
Regulatory framework uye neruzivo rwekutenga
Mitemo yemaruva sezvokudya haisati yanyatsojeka munyika dzakawanda.MuEuropean Union, pane hurongwa hwechinyakare uye chikafu chitsva: kana ruva risina kunyorwa sechinyakare pamberi peRegulation 258/1997, inoda mvumo sechikafu chetsva, maitiro akaomarara kune vagadziri vadiki. Neimwe nzira, humbowo hwekutanga kushandiswa kwechinyakare hunogona kuwanikwa.
Mune dzimwe nyika dzeLatin America, dzakadai seMexico, maruva anosanganisirwa mukati memichero nemiriwo zvinobva. mumitemo yehutano yezvigadzirwa nemasevhisi, inotonga maitiro, kunze kwenyika, uye masangano. Chero zvazvingava, tenga uye shandisa maruva chete anopupurirwa sechikafu chakachengeteka.
Paunenge uchitenga online kana muzvitoro, gara uchitarisa ruzivo rwechigadzirwa. uye mavambo. Uye, sekune mawebhusaiti mazhinji, rangarira kuti mapuratifomu mazhinji anoshandisa makuki kubata chiitiko chako, kunyangwe chinhu ichi chisingaenderane nekuchengetedzwa kwechigadzirwa uye hachitsive kuchengetedzwa kwechikafu.
Mazano anoshanda ekunakirwa nemaruva zvakachengeteka
Zvinonhuhwirira zvidyiwa: Wedzera mapeti akachekwa zvakanaka kune panna cotta kana yogurt yakasikwa nehuchi; kuravira sirasi yemichero; gadzira sirasi yerose yekokorokoza ine citrus touch yekuenzanisa.
ndiro dzine munyuWedzera petals kune couscous ne nuts nemishonga; vasasa pamusoro pe zucchini carpaccio nemafuta emuorivhi akareruka uye mandimu; shandisa blanched petals kutenderedza huku yakareruka kana sosi yemhuka.
Zvinwiwa uye infusionsIsai mvura inopisa ne petals uye musanganise ne hibiscus kune yakadzika ruvara rutsvuku uye inosimudzira antioxidant; chill uye ushande neaizi uye zvimedu zveorenji. Nguva inguva yekudzivisa kuvava.
Kukunda pairingsRoses ane citrus uye dzvuku berries mune dhizeti; nechizi chitsva, mint, uye pistachios mumasaladhi; nemupunga unonhuhwirira, maarumondi, uye gwayana mumabikirwo akafuridzirwa neArabic. Nguva dzose mune mwero madosi kuitira kuti hwema husakunda zvimwe.
Marozi anodyiwaKana akashandiswa zvine musoro, marozi anowedzera ruvara, kunhuhwirira, uye musanganiswa unonakidza wevhitamini, mamineral, uye antioxidant phytochemicals. Sainzi inotsigira kugona kwavo mumienzaniso yekuedza, uye tsika dzinotsigira kushandiswa kwavo kwekubika. Kuchengetedzeka kunoenderana nekuzivikanwa kwakakodzera, kutenga zvigadzirwa zvegiredhi rekudya, uye kuzvibata zvine hutsanana, kudzivirira mhuka dzine chepfu uye masosi ane hutachiona. Nezvimisikidzo izvi, marozi anorega kungova chishongo uye ova chinhu chinodiwa chine kugona mukudya kwakasiyana.